Code system.



No. 797,016. i PATENTED AUG. 1 5, 1905"'. 4

P. PIMENTEL.

CODE SYSTEM. y

PPLIOATIONHLBD DBO. a. 190.4.

` 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Connworn. f T0.

ual zal/1.a maryz'n.

' 34:11u Tl'yer sM/s y war".

FI'EJ. Fi 51A.

Annniw i www co. PnoTD-u'monmwsns wAsnmcruN, u c.

FRANCISCO PIMENTEL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CODE SYSTEM.

Specication OfLetters Patent.

Patented Aug. 15, 1905.

Application filed December 8, 1904. Serial No. 236,315.

T all whom, it may concern:

Beit known that I, FRANCISCO PIMENTEL, a citizen of the Republic ofVenezuela, residing in the city, county, and State of New York, haveinvented a certain new and useful Code System, of which the following isa specification.

My invention relates to a system of making up messages for transmittingYinformation by cable, telegraph, 62e., and has the advantage, amongothers, of universal applicability to any existing code system,dictionary, or other compendium of terms, meaning by terms words,phrases, or numbers, &c.

Moreover, the system has the advantage of economy,usince five ordinarycode-words can be expressed and transmitted by two of mine, therebyeffecting a saving of at least sixty per cent.

Moreover, the system is perfectly simple and easy to understand, apply,and translate and at the same time is capable of absolute secrecy.

I will now proceed to describe the preferred form of my invention and toexplain its application. A

Starting with any existing code system or with any dictionary orcompendium of terms, I divide the listed terms into groups, then apply asuitable biliteral syllable to each of said groups and also biliteralsyllables to the lations of the cable tariff it is possible to employcode-words of kten characters it further follows that in my system I canrepresent by one word of tive biliteral syllables two and one-halfordinary code-words or other terms.

Describing now more particularly the syllables which I prefer to employin making up my code-words, they will consist of various.`

combinations of the letters of the alphabet in pairs. Thus, for example,some two hund red and fifty of these combinations, herein known asbiliteral syllables, can be formed by taking each one of the vowels andadding to them the various consonants one after the other to form aseries of biliteral syllables.y

I insert herein a list'of the various biliteral syllables which may beemployed, although in a given code system it may be inadvisable to useall of these and in other systems it may be advisable to devise andemploy still other combinations of letters.

Les?? of Syllables.

(1) aa (33) la (65) ey (97) im (129) ob (161) mo (193) uy (225) py (2)ab (34) ma (66) ez (98) in (130) 0c (162) no (194) uz (226) ry (3) ac(35) na (67) be (99) io (131) od (163) po (195) bu (227) sy (4) ad (36)pa (68) ce (100) ip (132) oe (164) ro (196) cu (228) ty (5) ae (37) ra(69) de (101) i1 (133) of (165) so (197) du (229) vy (6) af (38) sa (70)fe (102) is (134) og (166) to (198) fu (230) wy (7) ag `(39) ta. (71) e(103) (135) oh (167) vo (199) gu (231) zy (8) ah (40) va (72) e (104) iu(136) oi (168) wo (200) hu (232) yb (9) ai (41) a (73) je (105) iv (137)o] (169) yo (201) ju (233) yC (10) aj (42) ya (74) ke (106) iw (138) ok(170) zo (202) ku (234) yd (11) al' (43) za (75) 1e (107) iy (139) o1(171) na (203) lu (235) yf (12) al (44) eb (76) me (108) iz (140) om(172) ub (204) mu (236) (13) am (45) ec (77) ne (109) b1 (141) on (173)uc (205) nu (237) yh (14) an (46) ed (78) pe (110) ci (142) oo (174) ud(206) pu (23S) (15) ao (47) ee (79) re (111) di (143) op (175) ue (207)ru (239) yk (16) ap (48) ef (80) se (112) fi (144) o1 (176) uf (208) su(240) yl (17) ar (49) e (81) te (113) gi (145) 0s (177) u (209) tu (241)ym (18) as (50) e (82) ve (114) hi (146) ot (178) uh (210) vu (242) yn Y(19) at (51) ei (83)'We (115) ji (147) ou (179) ui (211) wu (243) yp(20) an (52) ej (84) ye (116) ki (148) ov (180) u) (212) yu (244) y1(21) av (53) ek (85) ze (117) 1i (149) ow (181) uk (213) zu (245) ys(22) aw (54) e1 (86) ia (118) mi (150) oy (182) ui (214) by (246) yt(23) ay (55) em (87) ib (119) ni (151) oz (183) um (215) ey (247) yv(24) az (56) en (88) ic (120) pi (152) bo (184) un (216) dy (248) yw(25) ba (57) e0 (89) id (121) ri (153) co (185) uo (217) fy (249) yx(26) ca (58) ep (90) 1e (122) si (154) do (186) up (218) gy (250) yz(27) da (59) er (91) if (123) ti (155) fo (187) u1 (219) hy (28) fa (60)es (92) 1g (124) vi (156) go (18B) us (220) jy (29) ga (61) et (93) 1h(125) w1 (157) ho (189) ut (221) ky (30) ha (62) eu (94) 11 126) yi(158) jo (190) uu (222) 1y (31) ja (63) ev (95) ik i127) zi (159) ko(191) uv (223) my (32) ka (64) ew (96) 1l (128) oa (160) lo (192) uw(224) ny Taking the foregoing list, however, as a l basis, it will benoted that there are two hunapply to each of the two hundred and fifty`members of each of the groups one of the said list of syllables, andwhich may be known as word or term syllables. Every word, therefore, ina given group has arranged opposite to it'y a different word -syllableand every group has applied to it adierent groupsyllable. Consequentlyto represent any word in any group it is only7 necessary to set down thegroup-syllable designating; the group to which the word belongs and thewordsyllable belonging to the word in question in that group. 1n thisway each of the codewords in a given message may be translated into abisyllabic combination consisting of a group-syllable and aword-syllable, and assuming that the message contained ten words itwould be set down under my system in twenty syllables, ten of which weregroupsyllables and ten word-syllables, and since the tariff allows thetransmission of words of five biliteral syllables l then, starting atthe first syllable, count them off in groups of five, thereby formingfour words, which means that I am able to transmit in four words tenordinary code-words or other terms.

It will be evident from the foregoing that I am able by the use of twohundred and fifty biliteral syllables to transmit two hundred and fiftygroups of two hundred and fifty terms each--in other words, that l amable to represent and distinguish two hundred and fifty times twohundred and fifty termsein other Words, sixty-two thousand five hundred.

The accompanying drawings illustrate portions of the pages of a code towhich my system has been applied.

Figures l to 5, inclusive, represent five different sections of the codeof two hundred and fifty words each and having` respectively, thegroup-syllables to, la, ca, mL and "no. The remaining Figs. 6, 6, 7, and7 illustrate my system in its application to a Ycode or compendium ofterms in which the words or terms are so numerous as to require divisionthereof into two or more parts, all as hereinafter more specifically setforth.

The syllables referred to herein as word or "term? syllables will befound in the first column of each figure and located opposite therespective codewords to which they belong.

It should be observed that the numbers in the drawings are no part ofthe system and do not appear in the code as actually used. On thecontrary, they are simply referencei numerals corresponding with thenumerals l annexed to the syllables in the list of syllables givenherein. These numerals serve to show that in the actual printed codethere are two hundred and fifty word-syllables and two hundred and fiftycode-words and expressions under each group-syllable, all of which.however, for brevitys sake have not been shown in the drawings. Thus inFig. 1 the break between 3 and 24 indicates that all the wordsyllablesnumbered 4 to "2.3, inclusive, in the list of syllables would beincluded in the actual code, but are omitted here for the sake ofbrevity. The same remark applies to all the breaks in sequence in allthe figures.

Illustrating now the practical working of' my system, suppose it wasdesired to transmit the message: `There is a change in the market inconsequence of small supplies coming to hand. Telegraph cost, freightand insurance, immediate shipment. Upon consulting the code, of whichthe accom panying drawings show disconnected portions, this messagewould be represented by the code words maundering, congress, supperless,counter, illicitous. Translating now this message in accordance with mysystem, the first word` .maundering, Fig. l, has opposite it theword-syllable na and belongs to the group of words designated by thegroup-syllable to. The word maundering is therefore expressed by the twosyllables nato. The next word of the message, congress, (see Fig. 2,) issimilarly represented by the wordsyllable to and the group-syllable la.together forming the expression tola. Similarly, "supperless, Fig. 3, isrepresented by bica, counter,V Fig. 4, by elmi, and illicitous, Fig. 5,by muno.7 The entire message is therefore represented in my system bythe expression natotolabicaelmimuno, formed by setting down one afterthe other the various bisyllabic expressions arrived at above. It willbe noted that there are ten biliteral syllables in this expression andthat the entire code message, consisting of five code-words, has beenrepresented thereby. Since the code tariff allows the use of words often characters, it is only necessary now to count off from the beginningthe syllables in groups of five, which gives the two words "natotolabicaelmimuno. Thus it will be seen that I have been able to represent thefive words in the message by two words, the first two syllables of theexpression natotolabi identifying maundering, the next two syllablesidentifying congress,7 and the last or fifth syllable belonging to theword ssupperless and in connection with the first syllable of the nextword fully identifying it. Thus one of my words represents two andone-half words of the message.

It will be necessary now to show how my system can be applied to acompendium containing more than sixty-two thousand five hundred terms.For example, suppose we are dealing with such a compendium in whichthere are twenty thousand additional words. To apply my inventionthereto, I preferably divide the entire work into two parts, part 1comprising the first sixty-two thousand five hundred terms, and part 2the remaining twenty thousand. Each part will then be divided intogroups with a group-syllable applied thereto, and the terms of saidgroups will each be designated by designating termsyllables exactly asdescribed heretofore in applying the system to a compendium having onlysixty-two thousand five hundred terms. In other words, the system ofgroup and term syllables applied to-part 2 will be a mere duplication ofthose applied to part 1. Thus, to assume our previous example, where thecode-words maundering and congress were represented in my system by theexpression "natotola it will be evident that were the code in questionto consist of two parts, the first having sixty-two thousand fivehundred words and the second twenty thousand, that the expression "natomay designate a word in the first part and also a word in the second,and that it will be impossible to tell which of these alternativesexists without additional means, which is the-obj'ct of the part of myinvention which I am now describing, and similarly with the expressiontola. Thus, referring to Figs. 6, 6, 7, and 7a of the drawings, it willbe noted that Figs. 6 and 7 belong to the first part of the compendiumor code, while Figs. 6l and 7u belong to the second part, and that thesyllables na-to occur both in the first part of the code and in thesecond (compare Figs. 6 and 61) and designate dierent expressions in thetwo parts; similarly with the syllables to-la. (See Figs. 7 and 7 Itfollows, therefore, that in translating the expression-natotola thereare four possibilities to provide for and distinguish: First, do theexpressions nato and tela designate two words in the first part of thecode; second, do they designate two words in the second part; third,does nato express a word in the first part and tola a word in thesecond, and, fourth, which is the reverse of three, does nato express aword in the second part and tela a word in the first? To indicatewithout mistake which of these four conditions exists, I employ fourletters, preferably vowels, each one of which is distinctive of one orthe other of the foregoing conditions, and annex said letters to thewords formed under my system. Thus, for example, assume the followingwords: I

Natotola-a,

Natotola-e,

Natotola-o,

Natotola-u.

In these expressions the letters a, e, 0, u are employed to representthe Various combinations. Thus the letter a designates that nato andtola both refer to the rst part of the compendium; e, that both refer tothe second part; 0, that nato refers to the first part and tola to thesecond; and u that nato refers to the second and tola to the first. Ofcourse other letters can be employed for these purposes; but the vowelsare to be preferred because they in all cases give pronounceablecombinations.

Without enumerating equivalents and without setting forth all the formswhich my invention may take, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is-

1. A code system which consists in adopting a series of biliteralsyllables; dividing a given compendium of terms into groups, the numberof terms in a group lbeing equal to the numberof syllables in saidseries of syllables; designating each group by a different biliteralsyllable of said series, hereinafter called agroup-syllable; designatingeach term in a'given group by a different biliteral syllable of saidseries, hereinafter called a termsyllable; representing each term of themessage to be transmitted by a group-syllable and a term-syllable; anddividing the series of syllables so obtained to form pentasyllabicwords.

2. A code system which consists in adopting a series of biliteralsyllables; dividing' a given compendium of terms into parts; dividingthe terms in each part into groups, embracing the same number of termsas there are syllables in the said adopted series of biliteralsyllables; designating each group by a different biliteral syllable ofsaid series, hereinafter called group-syllables; designating each termin a given group by a different biliteral syllable of said series,hereinafter called a term-syllable; representing each term of themessage to be transmitted bya groupsyllable and a term-syllable;dividing the series of syllables so obtained to form transmission-words;and joining single letters to said transmission-words which signify thatsaid words represent code-words in the same part of the code or indifferent parts and which furthermore identify said parts.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRANCISCO PIMEN TEL.

Witnesses:

E. W. SCHERR, Jr., HENRY J. DoRGELoH.

